Suav tshuaj yej kab lis kev cai inherits Suav tshuaj yej kab lis kev cai
Kung Fu tshuaj yej, lub khob ncaj ncees, khob khob thiab lwm yam ... Cov tshuaj yej ntau yam tsuas yog qhia txog cov qauv ntawm Suav tshuaj yej teeb, tab sis qhov no txaus los qhia tias Suav tshuaj yej kab lis kev cai muaj keeb kwm ntev thiab kev coj noj coj ua tshwj xeeb. Suav yam ntxwv.
Ntxiv rau ntau yam thiab cov duab zoo nkauj, cov tshuaj yej teeb hauv peb lub teb chaws muaj txiaj ntsig zoo thiab muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev kos duab. Nyob rau hauv keeb kwm ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm cov tshuaj yej haus nyob rau hauv Tuam Tshoj, nws tau undergone ntau yam kev hloov, txawm nws yog cov kev cai ntawm haus tshuaj yej los yog ua cov tshuaj yej. Raws li cov cuab yeej tshwj xeeb rau haus tshuaj yej, yuav tsum muaj cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txhim kho thiab hloov pauv.
Ua raws li kev faib tawm ntawm cov tshuaj yej sib txawv hauv lub sijhawm sib txawv thiab cov ntaub ntawv sib txawv hauv Suav teb, peb muaj kev nkag siab tob txog keeb kwm ntawm kev loj hlob ntawm Suav tshuaj yej kab lis kev cai.
1, ceramic tshuaj yej teeb
Tus thawj coj ntawm lub lauj kaub tais diav thawj Yixing tshuaj yej, raws li nyob rau hauv thaum ntxov Northern Song Dynasty tau nce, los ua ib tug zoo tshuaj yej teeb tsa ib tug tshiab banner, lub Ming Dynasty yog nrov. Lub teapot thiab pottery, sab hauv thiab sab nraud yog glaze tsis txaus, siv lub zos Purple av nkos, av nkos, av nkos ua thiab roasting Tuan Tuan Shan rau hauv. Vim yog qhov kub thiab txias sintering ceramic hluav taws kub, ntom, Taizhi ilv, uas tsis to, thiab qhov muag liab qab tsis tuaj yeem pom lub qhov hws, durability tuaj yeem tso cov kua txiv hmab txiv ntoo, tshuaj yej tsw thiab txaj; Kev hloov hluav taws xob tsis ceev, tsis kub; yog tias cov tshuaj yej kub tsis yooj yim txawm tias kub thiab txias acid qaub; hloov, heev tsis tawg; yog tias tsim nyog, txawm tuaj yeem tso ncaj qha rau ntawm qhov cub rau stewing. Yixing tshuaj yej kuj muaj cov yam ntxwv ntawm yooj yim tone daim ntawv concise thiab dav, elegant tsos, zoo li xyoob, lotus cag, ntoo thuv thiab imitation ntawm Shang thiab Zhou Dynasty bronze duab. "Hakka" Tao Xi hais tias Yang Xian (Yixing) ntawm Tuam Tshoj txij thaum Ming Dynasty tau vam meej, yog sib npaug rau ib. Nws tuaj yeem pom hauv nws lub koob npe nrov. Txaus siab rau "khoom kim heev" qhia txog seismic cov ntaub ntawv: lauj kaub nrog xuab zeb los npog, tsis yeej xyab, los yog kua zaub roj.
Nws yog hais tias Northern Song Dynasty kws sau paj lug Su Shi nyob rau hauv lub Jiangsu Yixing Dushan lectures, zoo tshuaj yej, nyob rau hauv thiaj li yuav tawm mus ua tshuaj yej raug rho tawm haujlwm los ntawm nws tus qauv tsim los sim tswj lub teapot, tshuaj yej tsw, tom qab ntawd hu ua "Dongpo pot" yog "teapot". Su Shi zaj paj huam: "Xie Yin Ping roj ntsaum cawv tais, ntshav Pu Su Panlong tshuaj yej", yog tus kws sau paj lug ntawm Yixing tshuaj yej txaus siab qhia. Tab sis los ntawm cov ntaub ntawv sau tseg tiag tiag, cov xim liab xuab zeb tshuaj yej teeb tau tsim nyob rau hauv Ming Dynasty.
2. Porcelain tshuaj yej teeb
Lub lauj kaub tais diav yog cov tshuaj yej ntxov tshaj plaws hauv Suav teb. Tom qab tsim cov plooj (porcelain), cov tais diav ntim tshuaj yej tau maj mam hloov los ntawm cov tshuaj yej plooj (porcelain tea). Porcelain tshuaj yej tuaj yeem muab faib ua dawb plooj (porcelain), celadon tshuaj yej thiab tshuaj yej dub.
(1) Dawb porcelain tshuaj yej nrog dawb paug zoo compact thiab pob tshab, glazed, ceramic Huodu, tsis absorbent, cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub suab meej thiab ntev rhyme thiab lwm yam .. Vim hais tias ntawm cov xim dawb, nws muaj peev xwm cuam tshuam cov xim ntawm cov tshuaj yej kua zaub, tshav kub hloov, thermal rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo yog nruab nrab, ua ke nrog cov xim, txawv qauv, tuaj yeem hu ua cov khoom muaj nqis ntawm cov tshuaj yej tais diav. Raws li thaum ntxov nyob rau hauv Tang Dynasty, Hebei Xingyao dawb porcelain cov khoom siv ntau lawm tsis muaj lub ntiaj teb no. "Tang Dynasty Bai Juyi kuj tau sau ib zaj paj huam qhuas lub Sichuan Dayi dawb porcelain teabowl. mus rau txawv teb chaws niaj hnub no, dawb porcelain tshuaj yej yog tshiab no tshuaj yej dawb, haum rau brewing txhua yam tshuaj yej dawb porcelain tshuaj yej thiab lwm yam exquisite, elegant kho kom zoo nkauj, sab nrauv phab ntsa yog pleev xim rau nrog ntau lub roob thiab dej, caij paj, noog thiab. tsiaj, cov cim nyob rau hauv zaj dab neeg, los yog dai kom zoo nkauj nrog celebrity calligraphy thiab artistic appreciation nqi, yog li ntawd, feem ntau siv.
Dawb plooj (porcelain) yog nto moo tshaj plaws rau Jingdezhen lub plooj (porcelain), thiab lwm yam tshuaj yej teeb, xws li Liling hauv Hunan, Tangshan hauv Hebei, thiab Qimen hauv Anhui, muaj lawv tus yam ntxwv. Jingdezhen Changnan, yav tas los hu ua Northern Song Dynasty, Jingde peb xyoos (AD 1004) tau hais kom Fuliang County Zhao Changnan lub tsev chaw ua haujlwm ntawm imperial kiln, thiab lub nroog tau hloov npe hu ua Jingdezhen chang. Nyob rau hauv Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen lub xiav thiab dawb plooj (porcelain) tau nto moo thoob plaws ntiaj teb thiab xa tawm mus rau txawv teb chaws.
(2) celadon tshuaj yej: qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tsim nyob rau hauv Zhejiang. Raws li thaum ntxov nyob rau sab hnub tuaj Han Dynasty, zus tau tej cov ntshiab thiab pob tshab glowing celadon tau raug tsim. Zhejiang Jin Yue, Wu Ou kiln, kiln muaj qhov ntsuas loj heev. Song Dynasty, raws li ib qho ntawm tsib qhov chaw nto moo hauv Zhejiang Longquan kiln celadon tshuaj yej, tau mus txog qhov kawg, muag thoob plaws. Ming Dynasty, porcelain tshuaj yej nrog nws cov kev ntxhib los mos, zoo nkauj zoo nkauj, glaze Qing Ying, Alice thiab renowned Suav thiab txawv teb chaws qauv. Thaum kawg ntawm kaum rau xyoo pua, Longquan thiab Fabkis, cov neeg Fab Kis tau hnov ntxhiab, nyiam nyob hauv Tebchaws Europe "tus tswv yug yaj" tus yeeb yam hauv cov daus nrog lub tsho ntsuab zoo nkauj piv nrog lub npe hu ua "Longquan celadon celadon", suav tias yog qhov tsis tshua muaj. Tam sim no, Zhejiang Longquan celadon tshuaj yej teeb muaj kev txhim kho tshiab thiab cov khoom tshiab tau tawm los. Ntxiv nrog rau ntau qhov zoo ntawm cov porcelain tshuaj yej teeb, hom tshuaj yej cov cuab yeej no yog siv los brew ntsuab tshuaj yej vim nws cov xim ntsuab thiab xim ntsuab, uas muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev zoo nkauj ntawm cov kua zaub. Txawm li cas los xij, kev siv nws los brew tshuaj yej dub, tshuaj yej dawb, tshuaj yej daj, tshuaj yej dub, nws yooj yim los ua tshuaj yej kua zaub poob nws lub ntsej muag qub, zoo li muaj qhov tsis txaus.
Celadon tshuaj yej los ntawm qhov pib ntawm txoj kev loj hlob ntawm Jin Dynasty, yog lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm celadon nyob rau hauv Zhejiang, qhov nrov tshaj plaws yog hu ua ib tug ntws ntawm teapot. Ib qho ntawm tsib lub qhov cub nto moo nyob rau hauv Song Dynasty Longquan kiln hauv Zhejiang tau mus txog lub sijhawm ncov, kev tsim ntau yam ntawm cov plooj (porcelain), xws li teapots, khob, tshuaj yej khob, tshuaj yej khob, tshuaj yej tais, pab pawg Oujiang kiln ntawm ob sab ntawm qhov tsis tau pom dua. , txhua qhov chaw, foob pob hluav taws hla lub nkoj thauj thiab yoov, kev vam meej.
